Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They absorb dietary lipids and transport them as chyle to the bloodstream.

Question 2

A patient presents with localized swelling in the lower limb after lymph node removal due to cancer. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Lymphedema caused by compromised lymphatic drainage

Question 3

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

High pressure generated by the heart

Question 4

Which lymphatic structure is responsible for draining lymph from the left side of the head, neck, and thorax, as well as the entire lower body?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of aged erythrocytes and monitoring blood for foreign antigens

Question 6

A 10-year-old child has swollen, painful lymph nodes in the neck after a throat infection. What is the most likely explanation for this swelling?

Accepted Answer

Lymphadenitis due to immune response to foreign antigens

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

It atrophies after puberty.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of natural killer (NK) cells in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

They destroy infected or cancerous cells by releasing cytotoxic chemicals.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Bradycardia

Question 10

A patient with a fever of 102°F is advised not to take antipyretics unless necessary. What is the physiological benefit of a mild fever in infection?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits pathogen reproduction and enhances tissue repair.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why lymphatic vessels have more valves than veins?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the backflow of lymph due to its low pressure

Question 12

Which of the following is a key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defense.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the complement system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It forms a membrane attack complex that causes cytolysis of target cells.

Question 14

Which lymphatic organ is the primary site for hematopoiesis in adults?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow

Question 15

A patient has a painless, firm, and swollen lymph node. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Metastatic cancer

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the flow of lymph from the tissues back to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → collecting vessels → lymphatic trunks → collecting ducts → subclavian veins

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of tonsils?

Accepted Answer

Screening and protecting against inhaled and ingested pathogens

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why exercise increases lymphatic return?

Accepted Answer

Exercise enhances skeletal muscle contraction, which compresses lymphatic vessels and propels lymph forward.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about lymph?

Accepted Answer

It is a clear, colorless fluid with less protein than plasma.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of phagocytes in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

They engulf and digest pathogens and debris.

Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Structure, Function, and Defenses

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica