Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They collect excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a component of innate (nonspecific) immunity?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production

Question 3

A patient receives a vaccine containing inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus. Which type of immunity is primarily being stimulated?

Accepted Answer

Active artificial immunity

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between blood volume ($$V$$), lymphatic return ($$L$$), and interstitial fluid ($$I) in $$maintaining fluid balance?

Accepted Answer

$$V = I + L$$

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for antibody production in the adaptive immune response?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells

Question 6

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother through breast milk. What type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Passive natural immunity

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why lymph flows in only one direction through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

The presence of one-way valves preventing backflow

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the complement system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing phagocytosis and promoting cell lysis

Question 9

A patient with type AB blood needs a transfusion. Which blood type is considered the universal donor for red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Type O

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) proteins in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They present antigen fragments to T cells for recognition.

Question 11

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by rapid onset and involves IgE antibodies binding to mast cells, leading to histamine release?

Accepted Answer

Type I (immediate/anaphylactic)

Question 12

Which hormone released by the adrenal cortex can suppress the immune response during chronic stress?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between plasma and lymph?

Accepted Answer

Plasma is found in blood vessels, while lymph is found in lymphatic vessels.

Question 14

Which equation best represents the calculation of antibody concentration ($$C) $$after a secondary immune response, given initial concentration $$C_0$$ and a multiplication factor $$n$$?

Accepted Answer

$$C = n 	imes C_0$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis.

Question 16

Which type of lymphocyte is primarily involved in cell-mediated immunity and directly destroys infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 17

A patient experiences swelling and redness at the site of a cut. Which process is responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the spleen is correct?

Accepted Answer

The spleen filters blood and removes old or damaged red blood cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of regulatory T cells in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

They suppress immune responses to prevent autoimmunity.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why a person with AIDS is more susceptible to infections?

Accepted Answer

HIV destroys helper T cells, impairing both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity.

Lymphatic System and Immunity: Study Guide Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard