$$\text{Lymph Formation} = \text{Capillary Filtration} - \text{Capillary Reabsorption}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

It produces antibodies and destroys old erythrocytes and platelets.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe edema in the lower limbs. Which of the following best explains how lymphatic obstruction leads to edema?

Accepted Answer

Obstruction prevents lymph from returning to the blood, causing fluid accumulation in tissues.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a primary lymphatic organ?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 4

Which cell type is most responsible for the presentation of antigens to T cells in lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the flow of lymph from the extremities to the venous blood circulation?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → collecting vessels → lymphatic trunks → collecting ducts → subclavian veins

Question 6

Which of the following is a secondary lymphatic organ where immune responses are most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Lymph node

Question 7

Which of the following structures is responsible for the absorption of dietary lipids in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 8

Which formula best represents the relationship between capillary filtration, reabsorption, and lymph formation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Lymph Formation} = 	ext{Capillary Filtration} - 	ext{Capillary Reabsorption}$$

Question 9

A patient has a deficiency in MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue). Which of the following is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Immune responses in mucosal surfaces such as the respiratory and digestive tracts

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the thymus in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of T cell maturation and selection.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of the structure of a lymph node?

Accepted Answer

It contains a cortex with follicles rich in B cells and a medulla with cords and sinuses.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of macrophages in lymphatic tissues?

Accepted Answer

Production of antibodies

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why lymph flows in one direction toward the heart?

Accepted Answer

Valves in lymphatic vessels prevent backflow of lymph.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the passage of lymph through a lymph node?

Accepted Answer

Afferent lymphatic vessel → subcapsular sinus → cortex → medulla → efferent lymphatic vessel

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of Peyer's patches in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

They monitor intestinal bacteria populations and prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They present antigens to T cells and initiate adaptive immunity.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of the white pulp in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

It contains lymphocytes and is involved in immune responses.

Question 18

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of lymphatic valves. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Lymph will flow backward, leading to tissue swelling and edema.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the red pulp in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

It filters blood and removes old erythrocytes and platelets.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the importance of lymphatic capillaries being highly permeable?

Accepted Answer

They allow the uptake of large molecules such as proteins and pathogens from the interstitial fluid.

Lymphatic System: Structure, Function, and Immune Components

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