Q: Which equation correctly represents the process of aerobic respiration in muscle cells?

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the initial steps of muscle fiber excitation and contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction, binds to receptors on the sarcolemma, and triggers an action potential.

Question 2

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion of the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration in muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water, while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and produces lactic acid.

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the trapezius muscle?

Accepted Answer

Elevation and rotation of the scapula

Question 5

Which term refers to the specialized endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells that stores calcium ions?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

Which of the following factors does NOT directly determine the amount of muscle tension produced?

Accepted Answer

Type of neurotransmitter released at the synapse

Question 7

A patient is experiencing muscle fatigue after intense exercise. Which of the following is a likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of lactic acid due to anaerobic respiration

Question 8

Which of the following muscle fiber types is best suited for rapid, powerful contractions but fatigues quickly?

Accepted Answer

Fast glycolytic fibers

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the process of aerobic respiration in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 10

Which of the following muscles is involved in moving more than one joint or body part?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 11

During muscle contraction, which protein forms cross-bridges with actin?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of the sarcolemma?

Accepted Answer

It is the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber.

Question 13

A soccer player sprints for 30 seconds. Which metabolic pathway is primarily supplying ATP during this activity?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic glycolysis

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the trapezius muscle?

Accepted Answer

Flexion of the elbow

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why fast glycolytic fibers fatigue more quickly than slow oxidative fibers?

Accepted Answer

Fast glycolytic fibers have fewer mitochondria and rely on anaerobic metabolism, which produces less ATP and more lactic acid.

Question 16

Which of the following is a major cause of muscle fatigue during prolonged, intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of inorganic phosphate and lactic acid in muscle fibers

Question 17

Which structure is responsible for transmitting the action potential deep into the muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

T-tubule (transverse tubule)

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of events in excitation-contraction coupling?

Accepted Answer

Action potential travels along sarcolemma, calcium is released from sarcoplasmic reticulum, myosin binds to actin, muscle contracts.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between a facial muscle and its function?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi: closes the eyelids

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP is required for myosin head detachment from actin and for powering the power stroke.

Muscle Physiology and Function: Study Guide for Anatomy & Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard