Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of muscle tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To convert chemical energy into useful mechanical energy

Question 2

A patient is unable to voluntarily move their limbs, but their heart continues to beat and their digestive tract functions normally. Which types of muscle tissue are still functioning in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac and smooth muscle

Question 3

Which connective tissue sheath surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

During muscle contraction, which protein forms cross bridges with actin?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a functional characteristic of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Ossification

Question 6

A muscle is attached to two bones across a joint. The attachment to the immovable bone is called the:

Accepted Answer

Origin

Question 7

Which structure in a muscle fiber stores calcium ions and releases them during contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

What is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why skeletal muscle fibers contain many mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To provide ATP for sustained contraction

Question 10

A muscle fiber is stimulated by a nerve impulse. Which sequence correctly describes the events leading to contraction?

Accepted Answer

Release of acetylcholine → action potential along sarcolemma → Ca$$^{2+}$$ release from SR → cross bridge cycling

Question 11

Which equation best represents the direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate in muscle metabolism?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CP} + \mathrm{ADP} \rightarrow \mathrm{C} + \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 12

Which type of muscle fiber is best suited for endurance activities such as marathon running?

Accepted Answer

Slow oxidative (red) fibers

Question 13

A muscle twitch consists of three phases. Which phase immediately follows the latent period?

Accepted Answer

Contraction period

Question 14

Which of the following best describes muscle tone?

Accepted Answer

The constant, slightly contracted state of all muscles

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding smooth muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It is regulated by both neural and hormonal signals

Question 16

A muscle fiber is unable to contract due to a lack of ATP. Which process is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Cross bridge cycling between actin and myosin

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the sliding filament model of contraction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Thin (actin) filaments slide past thick (myosin) filaments

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the role of T tubules in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

They transmit the action potential deep into the muscle fiber

Question 19

A patient presents with rapid muscle fatigue after intense exercise. Which of the following is most likely contributing to this condition?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between isotonic and isometric muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic contractions change muscle length and move weight; isometric contractions increase tension but do not change muscle length.

Muscle Tissue: Structure, Function, and Organization

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