Question 1

Which of the following muscle tissue types is striated and voluntary, and is primarily responsible for movement of the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 2

A muscle’s ability to return to its original length after being stretched is known as:

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 3

Which connective tissue sheath surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 4

Movement at a joint produced by skeletal muscle typically occurs from the ______ toward the ______.

Accepted Answer

Insertion; origin

Question 5

Which type of muscle attachment is most common and involves the muscle connecting to bone via tendons or aponeuroses?

Accepted Answer

Indirect attachment

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Store calcium

Question 7

A patient presents with muscle weakness and difficulty swallowing. Laboratory tests reveal a shortage of acetylcholine receptors. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Question 8

Which protein links thin filaments to the sarcolemma and is defective in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Dystrophin

Question 9

During muscle contraction, which band remains the same length?

Accepted Answer

A band

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CP} + \mathrm{ADP} \rightarrow \mathrm{Creatine} + \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 11

Which muscle fiber type is best suited for endurance activities such as marathon running?

Accepted Answer

Slow oxidative fibers

Question 12

A muscle contraction in which the muscle length does not change but tension increases is called:

Accepted Answer

Isometric contraction

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases calcium ions

Question 14

Which event directly triggers the exposure of myosin-binding sites on actin during skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Action potential travels along T-tubules → Calcium released from SR → Calcium binds troponin → Myosin-binding sites exposed

Question 16

Which of the following is a regulatory protein that blocks myosin-binding sites on actin in resting muscle?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 17

Which process is responsible for the rapid breakdown of glucose to produce ATP and lactate in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic glycolysis

Question 18

Which of the following factors does NOT increase the force of skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Decreased number of motor units recruited

Question 19

Which equation best represents the ATP yield from aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Glucose} + 6\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 32\mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 20

Which muscle tissue type is found in the walls of hollow organs and is non-striated and involuntary?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Muscles and Muscle Tissue: Structure, Types, and Functions

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