Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between the insertion and origin of a skeletal muscle, according to Flanagin's Rule?

Accepted Answer

The insertion is generally closer to the joint being moved, while the origin is farther from the joint.

Question 2

Which property of muscle tissue allows it to return to its original length after being stretched?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 3

A patient presents with muscle weakness due to a defect in the sarcolemma. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of action potentials along the muscle fiber

Question 4

During muscle contraction, which event occurs immediately after calcium ions bind to troponin?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin shifts to expose myosin-binding sites on actin

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the breakdown of creatine phosphate to regenerate ATP during intense muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CP} + \mathrm{ADP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{Creatine}$$

Question 6

Which structure in a skeletal muscle fiber stores calcium ions required for contraction?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

A marathon runner relies primarily on which metabolic pathway for sustained muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle tissue is resistant to fatigue compared to skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle contains more mitochondria and relies heavily on aerobic metabolism.

Question 9

Which event occurs at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Release of acetylcholine from the motor neuron

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium binds to troponin, tropomyosin moves, myosin binds to actin, power stroke occurs

Question 11

A patient with myasthenia gravis has impaired transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Which symptom is most likely observed?

Accepted Answer

Muscle fatigue and weakness

Question 12

Which type of muscle tissue is characterized by intercalated discs and involuntary rhythmic contractions?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 13

Which of the following best distinguishes unitary (single-unit) smooth muscle from multiunit smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Unitary smooth muscle cells are connected by gap junctions, allowing coordinated contractions.

Question 14

Which process is directly responsible for the relaxation of a muscle fiber after contraction?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake of calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP is required for myosin head detachment from actin after the power stroke.

Question 16

A muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly without sufficient time to relax between stimuli, resulting in a sustained contraction. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Tetanus

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the transverse (T) tubules in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Transmit action potentials deep into the muscle fiber

Question 18

Which metabolic process produces the most ATP per glucose molecule during muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why lactic acid accumulates in muscle tissue during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration is inhibited, leading to increased anaerobic glycolysis.

Question 20

A muscle fiber is unable to contract even though it receives a normal action potential. Which structure is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Muscles and Muscle Tissue – Study Guide (Marieb 11th Edition, Chapter 9)

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