Question 1

Which nerve innervates the gluteus medius muscle, and what is its primary function at the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

Superior gluteal nerve; abduction and medial rotation of the thigh

Question 2

A patient receives an intramuscular injection in the gluteal region. Why is the gluteus medius preferred over the gluteus maximus for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

The gluteus medius avoids major nerves and vessels, reducing risk of injury

Question 3

Which muscle acts as an important landmark for the emergence of the sciatic nerve and several blood vessels in the gluteal region?

Accepted Answer

Piriformis

Question 4

A patient presents with difficulty abducting and medially rotating their thigh. Which muscle and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius; superior gluteal nerve

Question 5

Which muscle originates from the sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur, functioning to laterally rotate the thigh when extended?

Accepted Answer

Piriformis

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the function of the tensor fasciae latae muscle?

Accepted Answer

It abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Question 7

A patient has lost the ability to extend their hip and flex their knee. Which muscle group and nerve are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings; tibial nerve

Question 8

Which muscle is part of the 'goose foot' (Pes Anserinus) and acts as a stabilizer of the medial knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus

Question 9

Which muscle is innervated by the fibular nerve and is responsible for extending toes 2-5?

Accepted Answer

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 10

A runner experiences plantar flexion weakness after an injury. Which muscle and nerve are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius; tibial nerve

Question 11

Which muscle originates from the lateral femoral epicondyle and inserts on the calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon, contributing to both knee flexion and plantar flexion?

Accepted Answer

Plantaris

Question 12

Which muscle stabilizes the knee joint and originates from the lateral femoral epicondyle and lateral meniscus?

Accepted Answer

Popliteus

Question 13

Which muscle is innervated by the fibular nerve and is responsible for extension of the big toe (hallux)?

Accepted Answer

Extensor hallucis longus

Question 14

Which muscle group is commonly referred to as the 'glutes' and is responsible for abduction at the coxal joint?

Accepted Answer

Gluteal muscles

Question 15

Which muscle's tendon passes under the lateral malleolus and contributes to eversion of the foot at the talocrural joint?

Accepted Answer

Fibularis longus

Question 16

Which muscle originates from the ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament and inserts on the fibular head, functioning to extend the hip and flex the knee?

Accepted Answer

Biceps femoris, long head

Question 17

Which muscle is innervated by the tibial nerve and is responsible for plantar flexion at the talocrural joint, but does NOT flex the knee?

Accepted Answer

Soleus

Question 18

A patient presents with foot drop (inability to dorsiflex the foot). Which nerve and muscle are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Fibular nerve; extensor digitorum longus

Question 19

Which muscle is a key stabilizer of the medial knee and is part of the Pes Anserinus group?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus

Question 20

Which muscle is innervated by the fibular nerve and is responsible for eversion and plantar flexion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Fibularis longus

Muscles that Move the Hip and Lower Limb: Lateral and Posterior Quadrants 9.2

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