Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle cells are striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle cells are striated and involuntary, and smooth muscle cells are non-striated and involuntary.

Question 2

A patient is unable to flex their forearm at the elbow. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for the propagation of action potentials deep into the muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

T tubules

Question 4

During muscle contraction, which band in the sarcomere does NOT change length?

Accepted Answer

A band

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between force ($$F$$), cross-sectional area ($$A$$), and muscle tension ($$T$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$T = \frac{F}{A}$$

Question 6

Which muscle is primarily responsible for inspiration during quiet breathing?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 7

A soccer player suffers a hamstring injury. Which group of muscles is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

It transmits the action potential from the neuron to the muscle fiber.

Question 9

Which protein is directly responsible for the power stroke during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 10

A patient presents with difficulty abducting their arm. Which muscle is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Integrating sensory information and coordinating responses

Question 12

Which muscle is responsible for elevating the mandible during chewing?

Accepted Answer

Masseter

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between membrane potential ($$V_m$$), intracellular ion concentration ($$[K^+]_{in}$$), extracellular ion concentration ($$[K^+]_{out}$$), and the Nernst equation for potassium?

Accepted Answer

$$V_m = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{in}}{[K^+]_{out}} \right)$$

Question 14

Which muscle is primarily responsible for trunk flexion?

Accepted Answer

Rectus abdominis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of neuroglia in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They support, protect, and nourish neurons.

Question 16

A patient has difficulty extending their forearm. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 17

Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the head?

Accepted Answer

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and digestion

Question 19

Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the arm at the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 20

A patient presents with weakness in extending the leg at the hip. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus maximus

Muscular and Nervous System Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard