Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

They manage extracellular potassium levels and are highly organized.

Question 2

What is the primary function of microglia in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ingest pathogens and destroy debris.

Question 3

Which cell type is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 4

Which of the following statements about graded potentials is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are directly caused by the opening of chemically gated channels.

Question 5

What is the effect of myelin on the speed of action potential conduction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the speed by insulating the axon.

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents Ohm's Law as applied to neuronal current flow?

Accepted Answer

$$I = V \div R$$

Question 7

If the resistance across a neuronal membrane increases, what happens to the current, assuming voltage remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Current decreases.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains the concept of an electrical gradient at rest in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

There are more negative charges inside the cell than outside.

Question 9

Which ion is most abundant in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ($$Na^+)$$

Question 10

What is the main function of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Produce myelin sheaths for individual axons.

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of multipolar neurons?

Accepted Answer

They are the most abundant neuron type in the CNS.

Question 12

Which direction does anterograde axonal transport move substances?

Accepted Answer

Away from the cell body

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the resting membrane potential (RMP) of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It is maintained by leakage $$Na^+$$ channels with inactivation gates.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of dendrites?

Accepted Answer

Collect electrical signals from other neurons.

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of demyelination disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Loss of neuron function and slowed signal transmission.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of ependymal cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

They line the ventricles and circulate cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the direction of impulse conduction in multipolar neurons?

Accepted Answer

They conduct action potentials from the brain to the rest of the body.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between current and resistance in neurons?

Accepted Answer

Current is inversely proportional to resistance.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the concept of homeostasis in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining stable extracellular potassium levels.

Nervous Tissue: Structure, Function, and Electrical Properties

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