Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a basic function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for metabolism

Question 2

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 3

A neuron with several dendrites and one axon is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Multipolar

Question 4

Which neuroglial cell forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 5

What is the main function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Forming the blood-brain barrier

Question 6

Which connective tissue covering surrounds individual axons within a nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between white and gray matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

White matter contains myelinated axons; gray matter contains cell bodies and unmyelinated axons

Question 8

During the depolarizing phase of an action potential, which ion rushes into the neuron?

Accepted Answer

Na+

Question 9

What is the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$-70\ \mathrm{mV}$$

Question 10

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated channel

Question 11

A patient with hemiplegia after a stroke most likely has damage to which part of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is excitatory at the neuromuscular junction but inhibitory at the cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 13

What is the role of the Na+/K+ pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It exchanges 3 Na+ out for 2 K+ in, maintaining a negative potential inside

Question 14

Which phase of the action potential is characterized by the opening of voltage-gated K+ channels?

Accepted Answer

Repolarizing phase

Question 15

Which of the following best describes spatial summation?

Accepted Answer

Multiple impulses from several neurons at the same time

Question 16

Which process removes neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft by breaking it down enzymatically?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic degradation

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

No stimulus, no matter how strong, can trigger another action potential

Question 18

Which type of synapse allows for faster, two-way transmission and can synchronize neuron groups?

Accepted Answer

Electrical synapse

Question 19

Which neurotransmitter is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Question 20

Which of the following factors prevents neurogenesis in the adult CNS?

Accepted Answer

Rapid formation of scar tissue

Nervous Tissue: Structure, Function, and Organization

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