Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Receive electrical information from other neurons

Question 2

A neuron is considered 'amitotic.' What does this imply about its ability to regenerate after injury?

Accepted Answer

It cannot divide, so regeneration is limited

Question 3

Which part of the neuron is responsible for carrying electrical impulses (action potentials) away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 4

Where do action potentials typically begin in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

At the axon hillock (initial segment)

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the resting membrane potential (RMP) of neurons?

Accepted Answer

RMP is always negative in all cells

Question 6

Given the following concentrations: $$[K^+]_{inside} = 140\,mM$$, $$[K^+]_{outside} = 5\,mM$$, $$[Na^+]_{inside} = 15\,mM$$, $$[Na^+]_{outside} = 140\,mM$$, which ion has a greater concentration inside the neuron compared to outside?

Accepted Answer

Potassium ($$K^+)$$

Question 7

Which structural feature of a neuron is the biosynthetic and metabolic center?

Accepted Answer

Cell body (soma)

Question 8

A patient has a mutation that prevents the formation of myelin on axons. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials will travel slower along the axon

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why the resting membrane potential is negative?

Accepted Answer

There are more positive ions outside the cell than inside

Question 10

If the membrane potential of a neuron changes rapidly, which property is being demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

Excitability

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a special functional characteristic of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Ability to divide frequently

Question 12

A neuron receives a signal at its dendrites. What is the correct sequence for the signal to travel to another neuron?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites → Cell body → Axon → Axon terminals

Question 13

Which equation best represents the calculation of membrane potential ($$V_m) $$using ion concentrations?

Accepted Answer

$$V_m = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[Na^+]_{outside} + [K^+]_{outside}}{[Na^+]_{inside} + [K^+]_{inside}} \right)$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about axon terminals is correct?

Accepted Answer

They release neurotransmitters to communicate with other cells

Question 15

If a neuron’s resting membrane potential is $$-70\,mV$$, what does this indicate about the charge inside the cell relative to the outside?

Accepted Answer

The inside is more negative than the outside

Question 16

Which of the following would most likely increase the excitability of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the concentration of $$K^+$$ outside the cell

Question 17

A neuron is exposed to a toxin that blocks sodium channels. What effect will this have on action potential generation?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials will be inhibited

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where action potentials are initiated

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the distribution of $$Na^+$$ and $$K^+$$ ions in a neuron at rest?

Accepted Answer

$$Na^+ is $$greater outside the cell than inside

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a structural component of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Myofibril

Neurons and Membrane Potentials: Structure and Function

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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