Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for cellular respiration of glucose?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why water is considered the most critical nutrient for survival?

Accepted Answer

The body can lose nearly all of its fat and over half its protein and survive, but a loss of one-tenth of its water results in death.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a complete protein source?

Accepted Answer

Egg yolk

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in niacin. Which coenzyme involved in cellular respiration would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

Question 4

During the absorptive state, which hormone is primarily responsible for promoting the uptake of glucose and amino acids into tissue cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process of gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as fats and proteins

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for cellular respiration of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{Energy (ATP)}$$

Question 7

A person with a high intake of saturated fats and cholesterol is at increased risk for which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis and heart attack

Question 8

Which of the following statements about lipoproteins is correct?

Accepted Answer

VLDLs are primarily composed of triglycerides and are produced by the liver.

Question 9

Which metabolic pathway is responsible for the majority of ATP production during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

A patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis, protein wasting, and weight loss due to the unavailability of glucose to most body cells. Which condition is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of coenzymes such as NAD and FAD in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They serve as electron carriers, becoming alternately oxidized and reduced.

Question 12

Which of the following is a major function of the liver in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of ammonia to urea for excretion

Question 13

Which of the following mechanisms is the primary way the body loses heat during vigorous exercise?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation

Question 14

Which hormone is secreted by adipose tissue and acts on the hypothalamus to suppress appetite?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between catabolic and anabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic reactions break down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy; anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy.

Question 16

A patient has a plasma cholesterol value of 220 mg/dL, HDL of 35 mg/dL, and LDL of 170 mg/dL. According to the study materials, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The patient is at increased risk for heart attack.

Question 17

Which of the following equations represents the formation of ATP from ADP during substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

$$ADP + P_i \rightarrow ATP$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a trace mineral essential for thyroid hormone synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why infants have a higher percentage of body water compared to adults?

Accepted Answer

Infants have a higher metabolic rate and lower fat content.

Question 20

Which of the following vitamins acts as an antioxidant and is fat-soluble?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin E

Nutrition, Metabolism, & Energy Balance: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard