Q: Which equation correctly represents the flow of information in the nervous system from stimulus to response?

$$\text{Stimulus} \rightarrow \text{Sensory Receptor} \rightarrow \text{Sensory Neuron} \rightarrow \text{Interneuron} \rightarrow \text{Motor Neuron} \rightarrow \text{Effector} \rightarrow \text{Response}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of interneurons in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Combine and process information from many sensory neurons, interpret it, and send instructions to motor neurons as action potentials.

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the white matter of their spinal cord. Which of the following is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of signals along myelinated axons.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of sensory neurons ($$N_s$$), interneurons ($$N_i$$), and motor neurons ($$N_m) in a $$simple reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

$$N_s \rightarrow N_i \rightarrow N_m$$

Question 4

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for planning and learning body movements?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 5

During a 'fight or flight' response, which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated and what is its effect on heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division; increases heart rate

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is important for the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It cushions and protects the brain and spinal cord, supplies nutrients, and removes waste.

Question 7

A person is unable to control their skeletal muscle reflexes. Which division of the peripheral nervous system is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 8

Which region of the brain is responsible for categorizing, filtering, and enhancing sensory information before it reaches the cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 9

If the parasympathetic division is activated, which of the following physiological changes is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Increase in digestive juice secretion and movements

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of sensory (afferent) neurons?

Accepted Answer

Carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS as action potentials.

Question 11

Which structure is NOT part of the brainstem?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 12

A lesion in the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature and hunger

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the flow of information in the nervous system from stimulus to response?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Stimulus} ightarrow 	ext{Sensory Receptor} ightarrow 	ext{Sensory Neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Interneuron} ightarrow 	ext{Motor Neuron} ightarrow 	ext{Effector} ightarrow 	ext{Response}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the organization of white and grey matter in the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Grey matter is found in the inner layer of the spinal cord and the outer layer of the brain.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the reticular activating system (RAS) in the brainstem?

Accepted Answer

Regulates consciousness and filters information to and from all other brain regions.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is correct?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division prepares the body for energy-consuming activities and stressful situations.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the pons in the brainstem?

Accepted Answer

Helps regulate motor movements, visual and auditory reflexes.

Question 18

A patient has difficulty with abstract thought and emotional regulation. Which region of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of motor (efferent) neurons?

Accepted Answer

Relay instructions from the CNS as action potentials to effectors such as muscles and glands.

Organization and Structure of the Nervous System

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