Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between gray matter and white matter in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter contains neuron cell bodies and is external in the brain, while white matter is primarily myelinated axons and is internal in the brain.

Question 2

A patient has damage to the precentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Motor control of voluntary movements

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of synapses ($$n) $$and the number of possible neural pathways ($$P) in a $$simple reflex arc, assuming each synapse can connect to two different neurons?

Accepted Answer

$$P = 2^n$$

Question 4

Which structure in the brainstem is responsible for relaying information between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and helps with breathing rhythm?

Accepted Answer

Pons

Question 5

A person is unable to comprehend spoken and written language but can still produce speech. Which area of the brain is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke area

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of a muscle spindle?

Accepted Answer

Detects changes in muscle length and helps maintain muscle tone and posture

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the reticular formation?

Accepted Answer

Controlling voluntary muscle movement

Question 8

A patient reports pain in the left arm during a heart attack. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Referred pain

Question 9

Which of the following correctly matches the sensory receptor type with its stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Photoreceptor - detects light

Question 10

Which part of a nerve is responsible for wrapping individual axons with a protective layer?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a sensory (afferent) and a motor (efferent) nerve?

Accepted Answer

Sensory nerves carry signals toward the CNS; motor nerves carry signals away from the CNS.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the five components of a typical somatic reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 13

Which equation would you use to calculate the conduction velocity ($$v) of a $$nerve fiber given the distance ($$d) $$and the time ($$t) it $$takes for a signal to travel that distance?

Accepted Answer

$$v = \frac{d}{t}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Processes emotions and memory

Question 15

Which area of the brain is primarily involved in language production and forming coherent speech?

Accepted Answer

Broca area

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the stretch reflex?

Accepted Answer

It is a monosynaptic reflex that helps maintain muscle tone and posture.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the location and function of the midbrain?

Accepted Answer

Located between hypothalamus and pons; controls visual reflexes and eye movements

Question 18

Which equation would you use to calculate the total number of axons ($$A) in a $$nerve if each fascicle contains $$f$$ axons and there are $$n$$ fascicles?

Accepted Answer

$$A = f 	imes n$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the dorsal horn in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Receives sensory information from peripheral nerves

Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity: Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard