$$\text{Stimulus} \rightarrow \text{Receptor Potential} \rightarrow \text{Action Potential}$$

Question 1

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is primarily responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

The somatic motor division

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin over the deltoid region. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Axillary nerve

Question 3

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (CN II)

Question 4

A person is unable to flex their forearm at the elbow. Which nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the endoneurium?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds each axon within a fascicle, providing insulation and support.

Question 6

Which equation best represents the process of sensory transduction in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Stimulus} ightarrow 	ext{Receptor Potential} ightarrow 	ext{Action Potential}$$

Question 7

A patient has difficulty breathing due to paralysis of the diaphragm. Which nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding rapidly adapting sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

They quickly stop sending signals after the onset of a stimulus.

Question 9

Which nerve innervates most of the anterior muscles of the forearm and the skin over the lateral palm and digits?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 10

A person cannot extend their wrist and fingers after a humeral fracture. Which nerve is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Radial nerve

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the sciatic nerve?

Accepted Answer

It innervates most of the lower limb, including the posterior thigh and leg.

Question 12

Which equation describes the Nernst potential for sodium ions across a neuronal membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{Na^+} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \frac{[Na^+]_{out}}{[Na^+]_{in}}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic motor division of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of heart rate and smooth muscle contraction

Question 14

A patient has numbness and tingling in the lateral aspect of the hand and the first three digits. Which nerve is most likely compressed?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the perineurium?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds each fascicle within a nerve, providing protection and support.

Question 16

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the quadriceps femoris muscle and the skin over the anterior and medial thigh?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about exteroceptors?

Accepted Answer

They detect stimuli originating from outside the body.

Question 18

A patient cannot dorsiflex their foot and has numbness over the dorsum of the foot. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Common fibular (peroneal) nerve

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of adaptation in sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

Receptors stop responding to a stimulus after prolonged exposure.

Question 20

Which nerve innervates the adductor muscles of the thigh and the skin over the medial aspect of the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Obturator nerve

Peripheral Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Sensation

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