Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of ganglia in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Ganglia are collections of neuron cell bodies associated with nerves in the PNS.

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the skin of the lateral forearm. Which spinal nerve plexus is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 3

Which sensory receptor type is responsible for detecting changes in blood pH?

Accepted Answer

Chemoreceptors

Question 4

A person touches a hot surface and immediately withdraws their hand. Which type of receptor is primarily responsible for this response?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptors

Question 5

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (CN II)

Question 6

If a patient cannot move their tongue properly and it deviates to one side when protruded, which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the difference between somatic and autonomic motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor neurons control voluntary movements, while autonomic motor neurons regulate involuntary functions.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the conduction velocity ($$v) of a $$nerve fiber as a function of its diameter ($$d$$), assuming myelination and other factors are constant?

Accepted Answer

$$v = k 	imes d$$

Question 9

A patient has lost the ability to feel vibration in their fingertips. Which sensory receptor is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Pacinian (lamellated) corpuscles

Question 10

Which cranial nerve is responsible for both hearing and balance?

Accepted Answer

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

Question 11

Which of the following statements about referred pain is correct?

Accepted Answer

Referred pain occurs when pain from a visceral organ is perceived as originating from a superficial area.

Question 12

Which spinal nerve plexus supplies the muscles and skin of the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

Sacral plexus

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Accepted Answer

Control of heart rate and digestive processes

Question 14

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder. Damage to which nerve plexus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the hypothalamus in autonomic nervous system regulation?

Accepted Answer

It integrates and balances sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.

Question 16

Which type of sensory receptor is responsible for detecting muscle stretch and preventing overstretching?

Accepted Answer

Golgi tendon organs

Question 17

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the sense of smell?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Question 18

A patient has difficulty swallowing and a weak, hoarse voice. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Question 19

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves ($$N) $$and the number of vertebrae ($$V) in $$the cervical region, given that there are 8 cervical spinal nerves and 7 cervical vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

$$N = V + 1$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It prepares the body for emergency situations by increasing heart rate and dilating pupils.

Peripheral Nervous System: Structure, Sensory Receptors, and Cranial Nerves

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard