Q: Which equation best represents the action of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential?

$$3 \mathrm{Na}^+ \text{ out}, 2 \mathrm{K}^+ \text{ in}$$

Question 1

Which region of the neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 2

Which property of neurons explains why damage to the nervous system is often permanent?

Accepted Answer

Amitotic nature

Question 3

What is the main function of the axon hillock in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Integration and initiation of action potentials

Question 4

Which equation best represents the action of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

$$3 \mathrm{Na}^+ 	ext{ out}, 2 \mathrm{K}^+ 	ext{ in}$$

Question 5

A neuron’s membrane is more permeable to which ion at rest, and what is the consequence for the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

K+, resulting in a negative resting membrane potential

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the propagation of an action potential along a myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction between nodes of Ranvier

Question 7

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences muscle weakness and vision problems. Which cellular structure is primarily affected in this disease?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute refractory period of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated Na+ channels are open and inactivated

Question 9

If a neuron receives simultaneous excitatory and inhibitory inputs at different locations, which process determines whether an action potential will be generated?

Accepted Answer

Spatial summation

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why synaptic transmission at chemical synapses is unidirectional?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter release occurs only from the presynaptic neuron

Question 11

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT terminate neurotransmitter action at a chemical synapse?

Accepted Answer

Binding to voltage-gated channels

Question 12

A neuron’s cytoplasm contains more K+ and less Na+ than the extracellular fluid. What is the main reason for this distribution?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability of the plasma membrane and Na+/K+ ATPase activity

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)?

Accepted Answer

A graded depolarization that increases the likelihood of an action potential

Question 14

Which equation represents the Nernst potential for potassium ($$K^+) in a $$neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{K} = \frac{RT}{zF} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right)$$

Question 15

During the repolarization phase of an action potential, which ion movement is primarily responsible for returning the membrane potential toward resting values?

Accepted Answer

Efflux of K+

Question 16

Which of the following is a consequence of the relative refractory period in neurons?

Accepted Answer

A stronger-than-normal stimulus can generate an action potential

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the 'all-or-none' property of action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials are generated only if the membrane potential reaches threshold

Question 18

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a neurotransmitter binding to its receptor?

Accepted Answer

Chemically-gated channel

Question 19

A neuron receives two rapid, successive excitatory inputs at the same synapse. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Temporal summation

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Increases the speed of action potential propagation

Physiology of Neurons – ANP1105 Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard