Question 1

Which type of sensory receptor is primarily responsible for detecting changes in muscle length and joint position, allowing you to sense the position of your limbs in space?

Accepted Answer

Proprioceptors

Question 2

A patient is unable to distinguish between two points placed 5 mm apart on their fingertip, but can distinguish two points 40 mm apart on their forearm. What concept does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Receptive field size

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the process of sensory transduction in a mechanoreceptor?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of a mechanical stimulus into an electrical signal

Question 4

Which of the following equations best represents the threshold for action potential generation in a sensory neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{m} \geq V_{threshold}$$

Question 5

Which receptor type is most likely to be activated when you touch a hot object at 50°C?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptors

Question 6

A rapidly adapting receptor located in the dermal papillae, responsible for discriminative touch, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Meissner’s (tactile) corpuscle

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure of sensory neurons?

Accepted Answer

They are pseudounipolar neurons with a cell body in the posterior root ganglion

Question 8

If a stimulus causes mechanically gated Na$$^+$$ channels to open, but the membrane potential does NOT reach threshold, what is the result?

Accepted Answer

A receptor potential is generated, but no action potential occurs

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why fingertips have a lower two-point discrimination threshold compared to the forearm?

Accepted Answer

Fingertips have more sensory neurons with smaller receptive fields

Question 10

Which mechanoreceptor is most likely to respond to deep pressure and vibration, and is rapidly adapting?

Accepted Answer

Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the transmission of sensory information from the periphery to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus detected → Signal transmitted by PNS → Signal integrated by CNS

Question 12

Which of the following best describes sensory adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A decrease in sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time

Question 13

Which receptor type is most likely to be activated when you feel the stretch of a ligament during movement?

Accepted Answer

Ruffini ending

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of exteroceptors?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring blood pH

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between encapsulated and free nerve endings?

Accepted Answer

Encapsulated nerve endings are surrounded by specialized supportive cells, while free nerve endings are not

Question 16

A patient presents with loss of discriminative touch but retains the ability to sense deep pressure. Which receptor is most likely still functioning?

Accepted Answer

Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the conduction speed of sensory neuron axons?

Accepted Answer

Axons that are larger in diameter and myelinated conduct signals faster

Question 18

Which of the following formulas would you use to calculate the minimum distance at which two points can be distinguished as separate stimuli on the skin?

Accepted Answer

$$d_{min} = 	ext{two-point discrimination threshold}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely to occur if the receptive field of a sensory neuron is very large?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability to localize stimuli

Lec 12: Roles of PNS in sensation

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