Question 1

Which of the following best describes the law of specific nerve energies?

Accepted Answer

A specific type of sensory receptor is dedicated to each modality, and stimulation of that receptor always produces the perception of its adequate stimulus.

Question 2

A patient is unable to distinguish two points on their back when touched simultaneously, but can easily do so on their fingertips. Which concept does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Two-point discrimination and tactile acuity

Question 3

Which type of sensory receptor is primarily responsible for detecting changes in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Baroreceptors

Question 4

What is the effect of receptor adaptation to a constant stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in amplitude of receptor potential, leading to decreased perception of the stimulus

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why perception is not always accurate or the same among different individuals?

Accepted Answer

Perception is influenced by sensory systems, memory, and other neural processes such as thought.

Question 6

A strong stimulus applied to the skin results in the activation of more sensory units and a higher frequency of action potentials. Which coding mechanisms are involved?

Accepted Answer

Frequency coding and population coding

Question 7

Which equation best represents the relationship between stimulus intensity and action potential frequency in frequency coding?

Accepted Answer

$$f_{AP} = k 	imes I_{stim}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a modality detected by sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

Memory

Question 9

A patient presents with loss of proprioception. Which sensory system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Somatosensory system

Question 10

Which of the following best describes lateral inhibition in sensory coding?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of adjacent neurons to sharpen the precision of stimulus location

Question 11

If a stimulus activates two adjacent receptive fields on the skin, how will this be perceived?

Accepted Answer

As two distinct points if the receptive fields are small and do not overlap

Question 12

Which pathway correctly describes the order of neurons in a generalized sensory pathway from the periphery to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

1st order neuron → 2nd order neuron → 3rd order neuron → cerebral cortex

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a phasic receptor?

Accepted Answer

Touch receptor that adapts quickly and shows an off response

Question 14

Which sensory coding principle explains why there are no specific receptors for the sensation of 'wet'?

Accepted Answer

Integration of sensory information from multiple modalities

Question 15

A patient with damage to the thalamus would most likely experience deficits in which aspect of sensory processing?

Accepted Answer

Relay and integration of sensory information before reaching the cortex

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the adequate stimulus for a photoreceptor?

Accepted Answer

Light energy

Question 17

Which equation best represents the concept of population coding in sensory physiology?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{AP} = n_{receptors} 	imes f_{AP}$$

Question 18

Which sensory system uses timing of reception rather than receptive field coding to localize stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory and auditory systems

Question 19

A patient is exposed to a constant odor but after a few minutes no longer perceives it. Which receptor property explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Phasic adaptation

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between receptive field size and sensory acuity?

Accepted Answer

Smaller receptive fields result in higher sensory acuity.

Sensory Systems in Human Physiology: Principles and Mechanisms

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