Q: Which equation best represents the process of ATP hydrolysis by myosin during muscle contraction?

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a universal characteristic of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Secretion

Question 2

A muscle fiber is surrounded by which connective tissue sheath?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 3

Which protein is responsible for anchoring thick filaments to the Z disc and providing elasticity in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Titin

Question 4

During the sliding filament model of muscle contraction, which of the following changes occur in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The H zone disappears

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of satellite cells in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

They aid in muscle regeneration after injury

Question 6

A motor unit consists of:

Accepted Answer

One nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers it innervates

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

It is striated and contracts rhythmically without nervous stimulation

Question 8

Which equation best represents the process of ATP hydrolysis by myosin during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P}_i + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 9

Which of the following joint types allows movement in multiple axes and is exemplified by the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 10

A patient presents with muscle weakness and drooping eyelids. Laboratory tests reveal antibodies against acetylcholine receptors. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why rigor mortis occurs after death?

Accepted Answer

ATP is no longer produced, preventing muscle relaxation

Question 12

Which protein links actin in the outermost myofilaments to membrane proteins, and its genetic defect leads to muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Dystrophin

Question 13

Which of the following movements describes bending the elbow to bring the forearm closer to the upper arm?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Storing calcium ions

Question 15

A sprain is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A stretching or tearing of ligaments

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

It breaks down acetylcholine, allowing muscle relaxation

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about osteoarthritis?

Accepted Answer

It is characterized by the formation of bone spurs and cartilage degeneration

Question 18

Which movement is described as turning the palm upward?

Accepted Answer

Supination

Question 19

Which of the following is a multi-step process that leads to muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Release of acetylcholine, binding to receptors, sodium influx, action potential, calcium release

Question 20

Which equation best represents the change in membrane potential during depolarization of a muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{m} = V_{rest} + \Delta V_{Na^+}$$

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Structure and Function: Key Concepts and Microscopic Anatomy

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