$$\text{Mechanical Advantage} = \frac{\text{Length of Effort Arm}}{\text{Length of Resistance Arm}}$$

Question 1

Which muscle acts as the agonist during knee flexion?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Question 2

When the hamstrings contract to extend the hip, which muscle group acts as the antagonist?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas

Question 3

A muscle that stabilizes the origin of the prime mover and provides a stable base for movement is called a:

Accepted Answer

Fixator

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of the biceps brachii during elbow flexion?

Accepted Answer

Prime mover (agonist)

Question 5

If the brachialis is the prime mover for elbow flexion, what is the role of the triceps brachii during this movement?

Accepted Answer

Antagonist

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the mechanical advantage of a lever system in the musculoskeletal system?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mechanical Advantage} = \frac{	ext{Length of Effort Arm}}{	ext{Length of Resistance Arm}}$$

Question 7

Which muscle arrangement is best suited for producing the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Parallel

Question 8

A patient presents with difficulty abducting the arm at the shoulder joint. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 9

During elbow extension, which muscle acts as the agonist?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 10

Which of the following statements about muscle actions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Synergists assist the prime mover by adding extra force or reducing undesirable movements.

Question 11

Which muscle arrangement is characterized by fascicles converging toward a single tendon insertion, as seen in the pectoralis major?

Accepted Answer

Convergent

Question 12

A muscle named 'flexor carpi radialis longus' is likely to have which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

It flexes the wrist and is located on the radial side.

Question 13

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm, and what is the clinical significance of injury to this nerve?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve; injury can result in cessation of breathing

Question 14

Which muscle is the prime mover for hip flexion?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas

Question 15

Which muscle group is responsible for plantarflexion of the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 16

Which muscle acts as a fixator during elbow flexion, stabilizing the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plantar fascia?

Accepted Answer

Assists in toe flexion

Question 18

Which muscle is a synergist for dorsiflexion of the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Extensor digitorum longus

Question 19

Which muscle is the antagonist to the deltoid during abduction of the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Teres major

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Accepted Answer

Flexes the neck and rotates the head to the opposite side

Skeletal Muscular System: Functional Groupings and Muscle Actions

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