$$MA = \frac{\text{Effort Arm}}{\text{Resistance Arm}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between true ribs and false ribs in the human thoracic cage?

Accepted Answer

True ribs are directly attached to the sternum via their own costal cartilages, while false ribs are not directly attached to the sternum.

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty opening their mouth and pain near the ear. Which joint is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Question 3

Which bone forms the floor of the cranium and contains the sella turcica, which houses the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Sphenoid bone

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the facial bones?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the brain

Question 5

A football player suffers a blow to the side of the head, fracturing the zygomatic arch. Which function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Chewing and facial muscle movement

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, and diarthrosis joints?

Accepted Answer

Synarthrosis joints are immovable, amphiarthrosis joints are slightly movable, and diarthrosis joints are freely movable.

Question 7

Which of the following is a synovial joint that allows movement in multiple planes, such as flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 8

A gymnast experiences pain in the shoulder after a fall. Imaging reveals damage to the glenoid cavity. Which bone is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Scapula

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the mechanical advantage (MA) of a lever in the human body?

Accepted Answer

$$MA = \frac{	ext{Effort Arm}}{	ext{Resistance Arm}}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why the clavicle is prone to fracture?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a strut between the sternum and scapula, transmitting force from the upper limb to the axial skeleton.

Question 11

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Pelvic girdle

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with osteoarthritis in the knee. Which type of joint is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the hyoid bone?

Accepted Answer

It provides attachment for muscles involved in swallowing and speech.

Question 14

Which of the following is a feature of the female pelvis compared to the male pelvis?

Accepted Answer

Wider pelvic inlet and broader pubic arch

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the movement allowed by a hinge joint?

Accepted Answer

Flexion and extension in one plane

Question 16

A patient with TMJ disorder may experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Jaw pain, difficulty chewing, and clicking sounds near the ear

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of synovial fluid in a joint?

Accepted Answer

It lubricates the joint, reducing friction and nourishing the articular cartilage.

Question 18

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the range of motion (ROM) in degrees for a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

$$ROM = 	heta_{max} - 	heta_{min}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a consequence of damage to the articular cartilage in a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

Increased friction and pain during movement

Question 20

Which of the following movements is an example of dorsiflexion at the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Lifting the toes upward toward the shin

Skeletal System: Bones, Joints, and Articulations Study Guide

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