Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones such as insulin

Question 2

A long bone such as the femur is divided into several regions. From superior to inferior, which is the correct order of these features when the bone is positioned vertically?

Accepted Answer

Epiphysis, diaphysis, epiphysis

Question 3

Which bone marking is best described as a rounded articular projection?

Accepted Answer

Condyle

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone contains parallel osteons, while spongy bone contains trabeculae

Question 5

During bone formation, which type of crystal gives bone its strength and which type gives it flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite gives strength; collagen fibers give flexibility

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Bone is continuously broken down and rebuilt by osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Question 7

A patient has a deficiency in vitamin D. Which of the following conditions is most likely to develop as a result?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 8

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 9

If an x-ray shows an open epiphyseal line in a 15-year-old, what does this indicate about the bone?

Accepted Answer

The bone is still capable of growing in length

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 11

Which of the following best describes osteopenia?

Accepted Answer

A condition characterized by lower than normal bone mineral density, but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis

Question 12

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 13

What is the main difference between endochondral and intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification involves a cartilage model, while intramembranous ossification does not

Question 14

Which of the following bone markings serves as a site for muscle attachment?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Storage of fat

Question 16

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Pathological fractures

Question 17

Which of the following vitamins is essential for proper calcium absorption in the intestines?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 18

Which hormone is responsible for decreasing blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

A dense connective tissue membrane covering the outer surface of bones

Question 20

Which of the following is a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Physiology Study Guide

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