Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Hormone production

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which part of the long bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which bone type is characterized by thin, roughly parallel surfaces and is found in the cranial bones and sternum?

Accepted Answer

Flat bones

Question 4

A child is diagnosed with achondroplasia. Which of the following best describes the underlying problem?

Accepted Answer

Unusually slow growth of epiphyseal cartilage

Question 5

Which of the following bone cells is responsible for bone resorption and remodeling by releasing acids and proteolytic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 6

During endochondral ossification, what is the primary role of chondrocytes in the initial stages?

Accepted Answer

They enlarge and the matrix ossifies, then die leaving cavities

Question 7

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity and enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 8

A patient with Marfan syndrome is likely to have which of the following skeletal features?

Accepted Answer

Long, slender limbs due to excessive cartilage formation

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It is organized into osteons with concentric lamellae around a central canal

Question 10

Which equation correctly represents the formation of hydroxyapatite, the primary mineral in bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2 + Ca(OH)_2$$ \rightarrow $$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3(OH$$)$$

Question 11

Which of the following fracture types is most likely to occur in children due to the flexibility of their bones?

Accepted Answer

Greenstick fracture

Question 12

What is the main difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification forms bone directly from mesenchymal tissue without a cartilage model

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

It increases the diameter of existing bones by adding layers under the periosteum

Question 14

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which type of fracture due to weakened vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 15

Which bone cell type is most numerous and is responsible for maintaining the protein and mineral content of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 16

Which of the following surface features is a small, flat articular surface found on bones?

Accepted Answer

Facet

Question 17

A patient has a break in the distal radius after falling on an outstretched hand. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Colles fracture

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae and allow for nutrient and waste exchange between osteocytes

Question 19

Which process is responsible for the formation of most bones in the body, including long and short bones?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification

Question 20

A patient with acromegaly will most likely show which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Thickening of bones in the face, jaw, and hands after epiphyseal plates have closed

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Classification

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