Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Initiating voluntary movement in skeletal muscle

Question 2

A lumbar puncture (spinal tap) is typically performed below which vertebral level, and why?

Accepted Answer

Below L2, to avoid damaging the spinal cord which ends at L1-L2 in adults

Question 3

Which layer of the meninges is directly attached to the surface of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 4

A patient presents with paralysis of the thigh adductors. Which nerve is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Obturator nerve

Question 5

Which spinal cord tract carries sensory information about pain and temperature to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Anterior spinothalamic tract

Question 6

If the phrenic nerve is damaged above the level of C3, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory arrest due to paralysis of the diaphragm

Question 7

Which of the following correctly describes the organization of gray and white matter in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

White matter is superficial to gray matter

Question 8

A patient can move their arms but not their legs after a car accident. Which region of the spinal cord is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar region

Question 9

Which nerve plexus supplies the diaphragm and is essential for breathing?

Accepted Answer

Cervical plexus

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of components in a spinal reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integrating center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 11

Which branch of the brachial plexus innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles?

Accepted Answer

Axillary nerve

Question 12

Damage to which nerve would most likely result in 'foot drop'?

Accepted Answer

Peroneal (fibular) nerve

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves and their regions?

Accepted Answer

$$8 + 12 + 5 + 5 + 1 = 31$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Incoming sensory fibers

Question 15

Which nerve is responsible for wrist extension and is a branch of the brachial plexus?

Accepted Answer

Radial nerve

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the meninges is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The subarachnoid space contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 17

Which plexus does NOT exist in the thoracic region, and what is found there instead?

Accepted Answer

No plexus; intercostal nerves innervate intercostal muscles

Question 18

A patient loses the ability to extend their leg and sensation in the anterior thigh. Which nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the central canal of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

It is continuous with the fourth ventricle of the brain and contains CSF

Question 20

Which equation best represents the total number of spinal nerve pairs?

Accepted Answer

$$C_8 + T$$_{12} + $$L_5$$ + $$S_5$$ + $$Co_1 = 31$

Spinal Cord: Structure, Function, and Nerve Plexuses

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