$$\text{Rate of CSF formation} = \text{Rate of CSF reabsorption}$$

$$\text{Left cerebral cortex} \rightarrow \text{Right side of body}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the adult human brain is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It weighs approximately 3 lb (1.4 kg) and contains almost 97% of the body's neural tissue.

Question 2

Which region of the adult brain is primarily responsible for conscious thought, memory, and reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Question 3

The diencephalon includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 4

Which structure acts as the major relay station for ascending sensory information to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 5

Damage to which part of the brain would most likely result in loss of coordination and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Coordination of voluntary muscle movement

Question 7

If a patient has difficulty with speech comprehension, which area of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

It cushions neural structures, provides chemical protection, and circulates nutrients and waste.

Question 9

A stroke (cerebrovascular accident) affecting the left hemisphere of the cerebrum would most likely impair which function?

Accepted Answer

Speech and language abilities

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by tight junctions between endothelial cells and astrocyte extensions.

Question 11

Which equation best represents the rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation and reabsorption in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Rate of CSF formation} = 	ext{Rate of CSF reabsorption}$$

Question 12

Which brain structure is most directly involved in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep cycles?

Accepted Answer

Pineal gland

Question 13

A patient presents with involuntary muscle contractions, tremors, and difficulty initiating movement. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Substantia nigra

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Subconscious control of skeletal muscle tone and coordination of learned movement patterns

Question 15

Which lobe of the cerebrum is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the cerebral cortex is highly folded?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for more control centers and higher processing capacity

Question 17

Which of the following structures connects the two cerebral hemispheres and allows communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of damage to the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Accepted Answer

Sleep disorders such as narcolepsy or insomnia

Question 19

Which equation best represents the decussation of motor fibers in the pyramids of the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Left cerebral cortex} ightarrow 	ext{Right side of body}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Creation of emotions, motivation, and memory storage/retrieval

Structure and Function of the Adult Human Brain

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