Q: Which of the following is a correct pathway for maintaining homeostasis in the autonomic nervous system?

$$\text{Stimulus} \rightarrow \text{Hypothalamus} \rightarrow \text{Brain Stem (Reticular Formation)} \rightarrow \text{Spinal Cord}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary functional difference between the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Accepted Answer

The SNS controls voluntary muscle, the ANS controls involuntary muscle.

Question 2

A lesion in the anterior hypothalamus would most likely affect which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic

Question 3

During a stressful event, which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily activated, and what is its main effect on heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division; increases heart rate

Question 4

Which structure acts as the main integration center for autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 5

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) can be divided into how many major divisions?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 6

Which of the following is a direct effect of sympathetic nervous system activation on the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Decreases activity

Question 7

Why does the sympathetic nervous system shunt blood to skeletal muscles during a 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

To prepare the body for intense physical activity.

Question 8

Which of the following brain regions is NOT involved in maintaining routine, homeostatic activity?

Accepted Answer

Limbic system

Question 9

In the sympathetic nervous system, what is the role of the ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Impulses are integrated here.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions on the same effector organ?

Accepted Answer

If one stimulates an effector, the other will usually inhibit it.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pathway for maintaining homeostasis in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Stimulus} ightarrow 	ext{Hypothalamus} ightarrow 	ext{Brain Stem (Reticular Formation)} ightarrow 	ext{Spinal Cord}$$

Question 12

Which effect does sympathetic activation have on the pupils?

Accepted Answer

Dilates pupils

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the reticular formation in autonomic nervous system control?

Accepted Answer

Regulates skeletal and visceral muscle activity

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

None of the above are true.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sympathetic nervous system activation causes decreased activity in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

During sympathetic activation, energy is required elsewhere in the body for more 'essential' functions.

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct effect of sympathetic nervous system activation on blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction in visceral vessels

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct efferent pathway for the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Consists of one neuron

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the limbic system in relation to the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Processing and interpretation of emotional stimuli

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding the sympathetic trunk in the 'subway train' analogy?

Accepted Answer

It is the track that all trains run along.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the response to emotional stimuli in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Stimulus} ightarrow 	ext{Cerebral Cortex} ightarrow 	ext{Limbic System} ightarrow 	ext{Hypothalamus} ightarrow 	ext{Brain Stem (Reticular Formation)} ightarrow 	ext{Spinal Cord}$$

Study Guide: Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems (Anatomy & Physiology)

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