Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the masseter muscle?

Accepted Answer

It elevates the mandible to close the jaw during chewing.

Question 2

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 3

Which of the following muscles is responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 4

The sarcomere is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The functional contractile unit of a muscle fiber, extending from one Z-disk to the next Z-disk.

Question 5

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion of the forearm at the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Brachialis

Question 6

A patient presents with difficulty breathing due to impaired contraction of the main muscle of respiration. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle when both sides contract simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Flexion of the neck

Question 8

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexion at the ankle and is commonly used when standing on tiptoe?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 9

Which of the following statements about myoglobin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle cells for use during contraction.

Question 10

A muscle is named 'rectus femoris.' Based on anatomical naming conventions, what does 'rectus' indicate?

Accepted Answer

The muscle fibers run straight or parallel to the midline.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of the perimysium?

Accepted Answer

It surrounds bundles of muscle fibers (fascicles) within a muscle.

Question 12

A soccer player suffers a tear in the adductor magnus muscle. Which movement will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Adduction of the thigh at the hip

Question 13

Which muscle is primarily responsible for extension of the forearm at the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 14

During a biceps curl, which muscle acts as the antagonist?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the zygomaticus major muscle?

Accepted Answer

It elevates the corners of the mouth, as in smiling.

Question 16

A patient is unable to extend their leg at the knee. Which muscle group is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures from largest to smallest in skeletal muscle organization?

Accepted Answer

Muscle → Fascicle → Muscle fiber → Myofibril → Sarcomere

Question 18

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the abdominal contents and is important in forced expiration?

Accepted Answer

Transversus abdominis

Question 19

A patient has difficulty elevating their scapula. Which muscle is most likely weakened?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the extensor digitorum muscle?

Accepted Answer

It extends the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints.

Study Guide: Muscular System – Anatomy & Physiology Exam Preparation

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