Question 1

Ashley is walking home late at night after watching a scary movie. She suddenly feels her heart pounding, her muscles tense, and she begins to perspire. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what is the correct sequence of events leading to Ashley's experience of fear?

Accepted Answer

She interprets her physiological changes as fear, so emotion follows bodily reaction.

Question 2

Leptin is a hormone that plays a key role in regulating hunger, body weight, and energy balance. Which of the following statements about leptin is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Leptin is produced by fat (adipose) cells and released into the bloodstream.

Question 3

Which brain center is primarily responsible for stimulating hunger?

Accepted Answer

Lateral hypothalamus

Question 4

A psychologist is studying the effects of media violence on aggressive behavior. Which statement best describes the relationship between correlation and causation in this context?

Accepted Answer

Correlation does not imply causation; exposure to media violence may be associated with aggression but does not prove it causes aggression.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Removing an unpleasant stimulus after a behavior, increasing the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated.

Question 6

Which hormone is released by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar and also influences hunger?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 7

According to research on cultural influences on memory, people from individualistic cultures tend to:

Accepted Answer

Recall earlier first memories that emphasize personal, individual experiences.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

Emotions are triggered by our interpretation or appraisal of a situation, not just physiological changes.

Question 9

A researcher is studying the effect of heuristics on decision making. If a person estimates the likelihood of an event based on how easily examples come to mind, which heuristic are they using?

Accepted Answer

Availability heuristic

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Consistency

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of insight in problem solving?

Accepted Answer

Suddenly realizing the solution to a problem without a step-by-step strategy.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Giving a child a treat for completing their homework, increasing the likelihood they will do homework again.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) in regulating eating behavior?

Accepted Answer

CCK is released by the digestive system during a meal and signals fullness, helping to stop eating.

Question 14

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory, intelligence is made up of which three distinct types?

Accepted Answer

Analytical, creative, and practical

Question 15

Which of the following is a short-term signal that helps regulate meal-to-meal intake?

Accepted Answer

Stomach contractions (hunger pangs)

Question 16

Which of the following statements about human memory is supported by research findings?

Accepted Answer

Memory is reconstructive, not like a video recording.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a punishment in operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A child receives extra chores after misbehaving, decreasing the likelihood of misbehavior.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

Implicit memory refers to unconscious/automatic memory, such as skills and procedures.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating IQ (Intelligence Quotient) as originally defined?

Accepted Answer

$$ IQ = \frac{	ext{Mental Age}}{	ext{Chronological Age}} 	imes 100 $$

Question 20

Which of the following is a process necessary for imitation of observed behavior according to social learning theory?

Accepted Answer

Attention

Study Guide: Psychological and Physiological Foundations (Chapters 5-8)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard