Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of myelin in neuronal function?

Accepted Answer

Myelin increases the speed of action potential propagation by enabling saltatory conduction.

Question 2

During the resting membrane potential, which ions are predominantly found outside and inside the neuron, respectively?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^+$$ outside, K$$^+$$ inside

Question 3

A patient presents with muscle weakness and slowed reflexes. Which type of glial cell damage in the peripheral nervous system could explain these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 4

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor division

Question 5

What is the primary function of microglia in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Act as immune cells and remove debris

Question 6

Which process occurs when the inside of a neuron becomes more positive than the resting potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 7

Saltatory conduction is most likely to occur in which type of neuron?

Accepted Answer

A neuron with myelinated axons

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter type is most likely involved in rapid signaling at neuromuscular junctions?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids

Question 9

A patient has a lesion in the spinal cord affecting the efferent pathway. Which function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Motor output to muscles

Question 10

Which of the following best explains the difference between continuous and saltatory conduction?

Accepted Answer

Continuous conduction occurs in unmyelinated axons, while saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated axons.

Question 11

Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 12

Which glial cell is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 13

If a neuron is hyperpolarized, what is the effect on its ability to generate an action potential?

Accepted Answer

It is less likely to generate an action potential.

Question 14

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for involuntary control of internal organs?

Accepted Answer

Visceral motor division

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the synapse?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where neurons communicate via neurotransmitters.

Question 16

A patient with multiple sclerosis has damage to myelin in the central nervous system. Which cell type is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization → Repolarization → Hyperpolarization

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter type is most likely to be involved in mood regulation and is classified as a biogenic amine?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 19

Which cell type lines the ventricles of the brain and helps produce cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cell

Question 20

A patient is unable to feel sensations from their skin but can still move their muscles. Which division of the peripheral nervous system is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Somatic sensory division

Study Notes: Nervous System Structure and Function

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard