Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary difference between skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue in terms of control and location?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones; cardiac muscle is involuntary and found only in the heart; smooth muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow organs.

Question 2

A patient suffers a torn tendon in the shoulder. Which of the following best describes the function of a tendon?

Accepted Answer

A tendon connects muscle to bone, transmitting the force of muscle contraction to move the skeleton.

Question 3

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion of the upper arm at the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 4

A weightlifter is performing a bench press. Which muscle acts as the primary agonist during the upward phase of the lift?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 5

Which of the following best defines the term 'muscle origin'?

Accepted Answer

The point where the muscle attaches to the bone that remains stationary during contraction.

Question 6

A patient is unable to elevate their scapula. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Levator scapulae

Question 7

Which muscle is primarily responsible for adduction and medial rotation of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Question 8

During forced inhalation, which muscle group is most active in expanding the rib cage?

Accepted Answer

Intercostals

Question 9

A patient presents with difficulty retracting their scapula. Which muscle is most likely weakened?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius

Question 10

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between force ($$F$$), muscle cross-sectional area ($$A$$), and muscle tension ($$T$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$F = T 	imes A$$

Question 11

A baseball pitcher injures the muscle responsible for extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 12

Which muscle is located deep to the pectoralis major and assists in stabilizing the scapula by drawing it anteriorly and inferiorly against the thoracic wall?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis minor

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the action of the trapezius muscle?

Accepted Answer

Elevates, retracts, and rotates the scapula

Question 14

A patient is unable to perform abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint. Which muscle is most likely compromised?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 15

Which of the following statements about muscle insertion is correct?

Accepted Answer

The insertion is the point where the muscle attaches to the bone that moves during contraction.

Question 16

A patient with a spinal cord injury cannot contract their intercostal muscles. What is the most likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty with respiration due to reduced rib cage expansion

Question 17

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the ribs during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

Intercostals

Question 18

A patient is unable to depress their scapula. Which muscle is most likely not functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis minor

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

Accepted Answer

Extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the humerus

Question 20

A patient presents with winged scapula, a condition where the scapula protrudes abnormally. Which muscle is most likely weakened, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior; protracts and stabilizes the scapula

Study Notes: The Muscular System – Structure, Function, and Major Muscles

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard