$$\text{Prothrombin} \xrightarrow{\text{Clotting Factors}} \text{Thrombin}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

A patient has a blood pH of 7.28. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The blood is too acidic (acidosis)

Question 3

Which component of plasma is most responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting substances?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following types?

Accepted Answer

All blood types (universal recipient)

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes (red blood cells) are biconcave in shape?

Accepted Answer

To maximize surface area for gas exchange

Question 6

A patient is found to have a deficiency in fibrinogen. Which physiological process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin during blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Prothrombin} \xrightarrow{	ext{Clotting Factors}} 	ext{Thrombin}$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about leukocytes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in fighting infections and removing debris

Question 9

A person with Rh-negative blood will develop anti-Rh antibodies under which circumstance?

Accepted Answer

After receiving Rh-positive blood

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of hematopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

The formation of blood cells from stem cells

Question 11

A patient with a parasitic infection is likely to show an increase in which type of leukocyte?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the formation of a blood clot?

Accepted Answer

Vessel injury, activation of clotting factors, conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 13

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Globulins

Question 14

A person with type A blood has which of the following on their red blood cells and in their plasma?

Accepted Answer

A antigens on RBCs, anti-B antibodies in plasma

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains cells suspended in a liquid matrix

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the color of blood?

Accepted Answer

Oxyhemoglobin gives blood a bright red color

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a plug to seal small breaks in blood vessels

Question 18

A patient with a genetic deficiency in antithrombin is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled blood clot formation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

They produce antibodies and mediate immune responses

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the volume of plasma and total blood volume in an average adult male?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Plasma Volume} = 0.55 	imes 	ext{Total Blood Volume}$$

The Circulatory System I: Blood – Structure, Function, and Composition

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