Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the stratum basale in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

It is the main site of active mitosis, producing new keratinocytes.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, swollen, and blistered, but does not involve the entire thickness of the skin. According to the classification of burns, what type of burn does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following structures is NOT considered part of the skin but is included in the integumentary system due to its supportive functions?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)

Question 4

Which pigment is responsible for the yellow to orange coloration of the skin, especially visible in the palms and soles, and can be converted to vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

Question 5

A surgeon is planning an incision on a patient’s back. To minimize scarring and promote faster healing, the incision should be made:

Accepted Answer

Parallel to cleavage (tension) lines

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why third-degree burns are often painless in the affected area?

Accepted Answer

Nerve endings in the dermis are destroyed, eliminating sensation.

Question 7

Which cell type in the epidermis is primarily responsible for activating the immune response by presenting antigens to white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Question 8

A person with a genetic defect that prevents the production of lamellar granules in the stratum granulosum would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of dehydration due to excessive water loss

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the arrector pili muscle?

Accepted Answer

Contracting to cause 'goose bumps' in response to cold or fear

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine glands are primarily involved in thermoregulation, while apocrine glands become active at puberty and may act as scent glands.

Question 11

A patient presents with a rapidly growing, irregularly pigmented skin lesion with asymmetry, border irregularity, and a diameter greater than 6 mm. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 13

Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin, such as the palms and soles?

Accepted Answer

Stratum lucidum

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why the skin of fair-skinned individuals appears pinkish?

Accepted Answer

Low levels of melanin allow hemoglobin color to show through

Question 15

A patient with a genetic disorder affecting collagen production would most likely have defects in which layer of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Reticular dermis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of melanin in the skin?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a chemical barrier to protect DNA from UV radiation.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of layers from the deepest to the most superficial in thick skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why sweat is effective in cooling the body during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface removes heat energy from the body.

Question 19

A patient with a mutation that prevents the formation of desmosomes in the epidermis would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of skin tearing and blistering due to loss of cell-to-cell adhesion

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

They produce sebum, which softens hair and skin and has bactericidal properties.

The Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Clinical Aspects

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard