Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They collect interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins, returning them to the bloodstream.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe localized edema after cancer surgery. Which physiological process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic drainage due to removal of lymphatic vessels.

Question 3

Which lymphatic structure is responsible for absorbing dietary fats from the intestine and delivering them to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lacteals

Question 4

Which of the following mechanisms does NOT contribute to the movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Active pumping by the heart

Question 5

A cancerous lymph node is typically distinguished from an infected lymph node by which clinical feature?

Accepted Answer

Cancerous nodes are swollen but usually not painful.

Question 6

Which equation best represents the volume of interstitial fluid returned to the blood by the lymphatic system per day?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{lymph} = 3\ \mathrm{L/day}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure of lymphatic capillaries?

Accepted Answer

They are blind-ended vessels with overlapping endothelial cells forming one-way minivalves.

Question 8

Which lymphoid organ is the site of T cell maturation and is most active during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why lymph flow through a lymph node is slow?

Accepted Answer

There are fewer efferent vessels than afferent vessels, causing stagnation.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of aged red blood cells and bloodborne pathogens

Question 11

Which lymphoid tissue is NOT fully encapsulated and contains crypts that trap bacteria, aiding in immune memory formation?

Accepted Answer

Tonsils

Question 12

Which of the following cell types is responsible for producing the reticular fibers that form the stroma of lymphoid organs?

Accepted Answer

Reticular cells

Question 13

Which lymphoid organ is derived from endodermal origin and forms as an outgrowth of the pharynx during development?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence for lymph flow through a lymph node?

Accepted Answer

Afferent vessel → subcapsular sinus → cortex → medullary sinus → efferent vessel

Question 15

Which of the following lymphoid tissues is found in the mucosa of the respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary tracts and provides protection against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of Peyer's patches and the appendix?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of bacteria and generation of memory lymphocytes

Question 17

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between lymphatic vessel permeability and extracellular fluid (ECF) volume?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{minivalve} \propto V_{ECF} ($$Permeability of minivalves is proportional to ECF volume)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the thymus is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Its stroma is made up of epithelial cells, not reticular fibers.

Question 19

Which lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right upper arm and right side of the head and thorax?

Accepted Answer

Right lymphatic duct

Question 20

A patient with a ruptured spleen undergoes a splenectomy. Which organs will most likely compensate for the loss of splenic function?

Accepted Answer

Liver and bone marrow

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs & Tissues: Structure and Function

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