Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, motor output

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of voluntary muscle control but retains involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion. Which division of the nervous system is most likely still functioning?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Question 3

Which neuroglial cell is most abundant in the CNS and is responsible for supporting neurons, regulating the chemical environment, and participating in information processing?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Schwann cells?

Accepted Answer

They form myelin sheaths around axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 5

A virus uses retrograde axonal transport to reach the neuronal cell body. Which direction does this transport occur?

Accepted Answer

From the axon terminal toward the cell body

Question 6

Which equation best represents the relationship between conduction velocity ($$v) $$and axon diameter ($$d) in $$myelinated fibers?

Accepted Answer

$$v \propto d$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Production of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 8

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in sensory pathways and has a single process that splits into two branches?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar neuron

Question 9

Which glial cell forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 10

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences demyelination in the CNS. Which cell type is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between tracts and nerves?

Accepted Answer

Tracts are bundles of axons in the CNS, nerves are bundles of axons in the PNS

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of microglial cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Act as immune defense cells and remove debris

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the number of myelinated axons ($$N) a $$single Schwann cell can surround in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

$$N = 1$$

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about ependymal cells?

Accepted Answer

They line the central cavities of the brain and spinal cord and produce cerebrospinal fluid

Question 15

Which functional classification of neurons is most numerous in the human nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Interneurons

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of satellite cells in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

They surround neuron cell bodies and are vital for repair and maintenance

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about graded potentials in dendrites?

Accepted Answer

They are local changes in membrane potential that can lead to action potentials if threshold is reached

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the axon hillock?

Accepted Answer

It is the site where action potentials are initiated

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the difference between white matter and gray matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

White matter consists mainly of myelinated axons, while gray matter contains neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers

Question 20

A patient is exposed to a neurotoxin that damages neurons by retrograde transport. Which of the following viruses is known to use this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus

The Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Cellular Components (Chapter 11 Study Notes)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard