Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient presents with a break in the femur that does NOT penetrate the skin. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Closed (simple) fracture

Question 3

Which bone marking is described as a sharp, slender, often pointed projection?

Accepted Answer

Spine

Question 4

During bone remodeling, which hormone is released when blood calcium levels are low, and what is its effect?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); activates osteoclasts to release calcium into the blood

Question 5

Which of the following bones is classified as a short bone?

Accepted Answer

Carpal

Question 6

A 10-year-old child is experiencing lengthwise growth of the femur. Which structure is responsible for this growth?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the microscopic anatomy of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of osteons containing central (Haversian) canals surrounded by concentric lamellae.

Question 8

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between bone density ($$D$$), mass ($$m$$), and volume ($$V$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$D = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 9

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which spinal deformity due to vertebral collapse?

Accepted Answer

Kyphosis

Question 10

Which of the following joints is classified as a synovial joint and allows for the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 11

A woman in her 70s presents with fragile bones and a collapsed vertebra. Which hormone deficiency is most likely contributing to her condition?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the differences between the male and female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

The female pelvis has a larger and more circular inlet.

Question 13

Which bone does NOT articulate with any other bone and serves as a movable base for the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Hyoid bone

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of ossification in long bones during fetal development?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts cover the hyaline cartilage model with bone matrix, then the cartilage is digested away to form the medullary cavity.

Question 15

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid

Question 16

A patient suffers a fracture. Which sequence correctly describes the order of events in bone repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Fibrocartilage callus formation → Bony callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 17

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 18

Which type of joint is found between the teeth and the facial bones?

Accepted Answer

Gomphosis

Question 19

Which of the following statements about bone matrix is correct?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers provide tensile strength, while calcium salts provide hardness and resistance to compression.

Question 20

A 2-year-old child’s skull is three-fourths the size of an adult’s. At what age does the skull reach near adult size and proportion?

Accepted Answer

8 or 9 years old

The Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Development

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