Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They prevent the passage of substances between adjacent epithelial cells, maintaining selective permeability.

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic disorder that impairs the function of connexons. Which tissue function is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Coordinated contraction of cardiac muscle

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Has a free (apical) surface and is avascular

Question 4

A biopsy of a patient's esophagus reveals multiple layers of flat cells without keratin. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and relies on diffusion for nutrient delivery.

Question 6

A gland that releases its product by shedding the apical portion of the cell, along with the secretion, is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Apocrine gland

Question 7

Which connective tissue fiber type is most responsible for resisting force in one direction, such as in tendons?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 8

A patient with liver disease has impaired synthesis of plasma proteins. Which connective tissue component is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Matrix proteins in blood (fluid connective tissue)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between regeneration and fibrosis during tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Regeneration restores original tissue function, while fibrosis replaces damaged tissue with scar tissue that does not restore function.

Question 10

Which membrane type lines body cavities that open to the exterior and is composed of an epithelium and areolar connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane

Question 11

A patient is unable to sweat due to a genetic defect in exocrine gland secretion. Which mode of secretion is most likely affected if the sweat glands release their product via exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine secretion

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why bone is both strong and resistant to shattering?

Accepted Answer

Bone matrix contains both calcified minerals for strength and collagen fibers for flexibility.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue in adults?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage, insulation, and cushioning

Question 14

A 70-year-old patient has increased bruising and bone brittleness. Which age-related tissue change best explains these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Thinning of epithelial and connective tissues

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of mast cells in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They secrete heparin and histamine to mediate inflammation.

Question 16

A tissue sample shows cells with striations, multiple peripheral nuclei, and voluntary control. Which tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the urinary bladder can stretch and return to its original shape?

Accepted Answer

It contains transitional epithelium specialized for stretching and recoiling.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support and protect neurons

Question 19

A patient with a decubitus ulcer (bed sore) is experiencing which type of cell death?

Accepted Answer

Necrosis

Question 20

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between tissue growth and cell number in hyperplasia?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{final} = N_{initial} + \Delta N_{cells}$$

Tissue Level Organization (Histology): Structure and Function of Tissues

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