Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases due to thin, flat cells

Question 2

A patient presents with a genetic disorder that prevents the formation of collagen fibers. Which tissue type would be most directly affected by this defect?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete their products onto epithelial surfaces, while endocrine glands release hormones into the blood.

Question 4

A biopsy of a patient's bladder reveals an epithelium that changes shape from cuboidal to squamous as the bladder fills. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 5

Which of the following connective tissue fibers provides the greatest tensile strength and is most abundant in tendons?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 6

A patient with Marfan syndrome has a defect in the protein elastin. Which tissue function is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

Ability of ligaments to stretch and recoil

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle cells are able to contract in a coordinated fashion?

Accepted Answer

They are connected by intercalated discs that allow electrical coupling

Question 8

Which germ layer gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract and associated glands?

Accepted Answer

Endoderm

Question 9

A tissue sample shows cells embedded in a solid matrix with concentric rings and canaliculi. Which tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Bone (osseous tissue)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli on epithelial cells in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Question 11

A patient has a wound that is slow to heal and is prone to infection. Which cell type in connective tissue is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found in the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection against abrasion from food

Question 13

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of cell layers ($$n) $$and the thickness ($$T) of a $$stratified epithelium, if each layer has an average thickness $$t$$?

Accepted Answer

$$T = n 	imes t$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of areolar connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Providing flexible support and cushioning organs

Question 15

A gland that releases its secretion by exocytosis without losing any part of the cell is classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support, protect, and nourish neurons

Question 17

A patient with liver damage shows a breakdown of the reticular framework in the organ. Which type of connective tissue is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals more slowly than bone after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks blood vessels, limiting nutrient delivery

Question 19

During embryonic development, which germ layer gives rise to muscle, bone, and blood?

Accepted Answer

Mesoderm

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a tumor originating from glandular epithelial tissue. What is the most accurate term for this type of tumor?

Accepted Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Tissues and Early Embryology: An Overview for Anatomy & Physiology

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