Question 1

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the generation of new keratinocytes, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale; mitotic division of cells for epidermal growth

Question 2

A patient suffers a third-degree burn. According to the rule of nines, which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

Both the epidermis and dermis are destroyed, and nerve endings are damaged, resulting in little or no pain

Question 3

Which connective tissue fiber provides the greatest tensile strength to tissues such as tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Question 4

Which gland type releases its secretion directly into the bloodstream and is involved in hormone regulation?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 5

During tissue repair, which process involves the replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue?

Accepted Answer

Fibrosis

Question 6

Which cell type in the epidermis is primarily responsible for producing the pigment that protects against UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

Melanocyte

Question 7

A patient presents with blisters after a burn. Which degree of burn is most likely, and which skin layers are affected?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree; epidermis and part of dermis

Question 8

Which layer of the dermis contains capillaries that supply nutrients and oxygen to the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Papillary layer

Question 9

Which type of sweat gland is most numerous and is responsible for thermoregulation through watery secretion?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine (eccrine) gland

Question 10

Which tissue type is characterized by having an apical and basal surface and functions in protection, absorption, and secretion?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 11

If a patient’s skin is unable to produce oil, which gland is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland

Question 12

Which layer of the skin acts as a shock absorber and insulator due to its high fat content?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding stem cells in tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

They differentiate to replace damaged cells during regeneration

Question 14

Which connective tissue component is most responsible for allowing tissues to stretch and recoil?

Accepted Answer

Elastin

Question 15

A patient has lost sensation in a burned area of skin. Which structure is most likely destroyed?

Accepted Answer

Free nerve endings

Question 16

Which muscle is responsible for causing 'goosebumps' by contracting and pulling hair upright?

Accepted Answer

Arrector pili muscle

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the papillary layer of the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Contains capillaries and tactile discs for sensation

Question 18

Which type of gland is most active during puberty and is associated with body odor due to its secretion into hair follicles?

Accepted Answer

Apocrine sweat gland

Question 19

Which process is the first step in tissue repair following injury?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Question 20

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have problems with which tissue type?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Tissues and the Integumentary System: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

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