Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of simple diffusion across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration without energy input

Question 2

A patient is given intravenous fluids containing a solution with a higher solute concentration than their blood plasma. What process will most likely occur in their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis will cause water to leave the cells, leading to shrinkage

Question 3

Which equation best represents Fick's Law of Diffusion, describing the rate of diffusion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = D \frac{(C_1$ - C_2$)}{d}$$

Question 4

Which term describes the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 5

A cell uses energy to move sodium ions out of the cell against their concentration gradient. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Requires energy in the form of ATP

Question 7

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst due to water gain

Question 8

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles or fluids by the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP to move sodium out and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients

Question 10

Which vocabulary term refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration through a protein channel?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will remain the same size

Question 12

Which process is responsible for the secretion of neurotransmitters from a neuron?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 13

Which of the following is true about passive transport?

Accepted Answer

It includes simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

Question 14

Which equation represents the osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) $$across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = iMRT$$

Question 15

A cell actively transports glucose into its cytoplasm. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

ATP is required for this process

Question 16

Which process is most likely to be used by white blood cells to ingest bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the cell membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass while blocking others

Question 18

Which process is described by the movement of ions through a membrane channel from high to low concentration?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 19

A cell is exposed to a toxin that inhibits ATP production. Which membrane transport processes will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Active transport and endocytosis

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses membrane proteins to transport substances, while simple diffusion does not

Transport Across Cell Membranes: Mechanisms and Vocabulary

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