Q: Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$R) of $$oxygen into the healing tissue and the surface area ($$A$$), concentration gradient ($$\Delta C$$), and diffusion distance ($$d$$)?

$$R = \frac{A \times \Delta C}{d}$$

Question 1

The image sequence shows the stages of wound healing in the skin. Which of the following correctly identifies the stage where fibroblasts are most active in producing collagen fibers to restore the dermal matrix?

Accepted Answer

The third stage, where granulation tissue forms and fibroblasts synthesize new collagen.

Question 2

During the wound healing process depicted, which cell type is primarily responsible for phagocytizing debris and pathogens in the early stages?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 3

In the context of the wound healing stages shown, which of the following best describes the role of angiogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissue.

Question 4

A patient with a wound similar to the one shown in the images is experiencing delayed healing. Laboratory results show a deficiency in vitamin C. Which stage of healing is most likely to be impaired, and why?

Accepted Answer

The proliferative stage, because vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis by fibroblasts.

Question 5

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of diffusion ($$R) of $$oxygen into the healing tissue and the surface area ($$A$$), concentration gradient ($$\Delta C$$), and diffusion distance ($$d$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$R = \frac{A 	imes \Delta C}{d}$$

Question 6

If a wound fails to progress from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase, which of the following complications is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Chronic inflammation and increased risk of infection.

Question 7

A patient with diabetes has a wound similar to those shown in the images. Which physiological process is most likely impaired, leading to delayed wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Angiogenesis due to poor vascular supply.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why wounds heal more slowly in elderly individuals, as depicted in the wound healing sequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased fibroblast activity and slower collagen synthesis.

Question 9

During the remodeling phase of wound healing, which process is primarily responsible for increasing the tensile strength of the repaired tissue?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fiber realignment and cross-linking.

Question 10

A wound is healing abnormally, resulting in a raised, thickened scar. Which term best describes this outcome, and which phase of healing is most likely dysregulated?

Accepted Answer

Keloid; remodeling phase

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the scab (as seen in the second and third images) during wound healing?

Accepted Answer

It provides a temporary barrier to prevent pathogen entry and fluid loss.

Question 12

If the area of a wound is $$2 \ \mathrm{cm}^2$$ and the rate of epithelial cell migration is $$0.1 \ \mathrm{cm}^2/\mathrm{day}$$, how many days will it take for the wound to be completely covered by new epithelium?

Accepted Answer

$$20 \ \mathrm{days}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between primary and secondary intention healing, as illustrated by the wound healing process?

Accepted Answer

Primary intention involves minimal tissue loss and faster healing, while secondary intention involves significant tissue loss and slower healing.

Question 14

Which growth factor is most important for stimulating fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis during the proliferative phase of wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

Question 15

A patient develops a wound infection during the healing process. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of this complication?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged inflammatory phase and delayed wound closure.

Wound Healing in the Skin: Stages and Cellular Processes

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