$$\text{Glucose} + 2\text{ADP} + 2\text{Pi} \rightarrow 2\text{Pyruvate} + 2\text{ATP} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To break down organic compounds to produce ATP

Question 2

Where in the mitochondrion does the electron transport chain (ETC) occur?

Accepted Answer

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct net equation for glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose} + 2	ext{ADP} + 2	ext{Pi} ightarrow 2	ext{Pyruvate} + 2	ext{ATP} + 2	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 4

During the citric acid cycle, which molecule is regenerated at the end of each cycle?

Accepted Answer

Oxaloacetate

Question 5

Which of the following statements about ATP synthase is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP

Question 6

What is the main function of the proton motive force in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To drive the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase

Question 7

Which of the following is a product of pyruvate decarboxylation?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 8

In anaerobic respiration, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

An organic molecule such as pyruvate

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis when oxygen is limited

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 11

Which process produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct net ATP yield from glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 13

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Hexokinase

Question 14

Which of the following is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase

Question 15

During beta-oxidation, fatty acids are broken down into which molecule that enters the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 16

Which of the following is true about oxidative deamination?

Accepted Answer

It occurs in the liver and removes an amino group from amino acids

Question 17

Which molecule is produced during alcohol fermentation in yeast?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol

Question 18

Which of the following is a major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, while anaerobic respiration uses an organic molecule

Question 19

Which hormone stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Cellular Respiration and Metabolic Pathways: Biochemistry Study Notes

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