Question 1

Which molecule is required to transport fatty acyl-CoA from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix for β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Carnitine

Question 2

During β-oxidation, how many carbons are removed from the fatty acyl chain in each cycle?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 3

Which enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acyl group from CoA to carnitine?

Accepted Answer

Carnitine acyltransferase I

Question 4

What is the net ATP yield from the complete β-oxidation of one palmitoyl-CoA (C16:0) molecule, assuming all NADH and FADH2 are used in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

106 ATP

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a product of one round of β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 6

The conversion of fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA requires which molecule for activation?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 7

Which step in β-oxidation directly produces FADH2?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation of acyl-CoA by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Question 8

What is the role of carnitine acyltransferase II in fatty acid oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Transfers the acyl group from carnitine back to CoA in the mitochondrial matrix

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the activation of a fatty acid for β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fatty\ acid} + \mathrm{CoA} + \mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{Fatty\ acyl{-}CoA} + \mathrm{AMP} + \mathrm{PP_i}$$

Question 10

A patient with a deficiency in carnitine acyltransferase I would most likely present with which symptom?

Accepted Answer

Impaired ability to oxidize long-chain fatty acids

Question 11

Which cofactor is required by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase during the first step of β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

FAD

Question 12

What is the main purpose of β-oxidation in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To generate acetyl-CoA for entry into the citric acid cycle

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Long-chain fatty acids require the carnitine shuttle to enter the mitochondrial matrix

Question 14

During β-oxidation, which molecule is produced and can enter the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 15

Which step in β-oxidation involves the hydration of a double bond?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of enoyl-CoA to β-hydroxyacyl-CoA

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct consequence of impaired β-oxidation in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia during fasting

Question 17

Which enzyme catalyzes the final thiolysis step in β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

β-ketothiolase

Question 18

What is the fate of the NADH and FADH2 produced during β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

They donate electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the overall reaction for one cycle of β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Acyl{-}CoA} + \mathrm{FAD} + \mathrm{NAD^+} + \mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{CoA} \rightarrow \mathrm{Acyl{-}CoA_{shorter}} + \mathrm{$$FADH_2$$} + \mathrm{NADH} + \mathrm{Acetyl{-}CoA}$$

Question 20

A mutation in the gene encoding acyl-CoA dehydrogenase would most directly affect which step of β-oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Initial oxidation of acyl-CoA to enoyl-CoA

Fatty Acid Oxidation (β-Oxidation) Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard