Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond.

Question 2

Given the molecular formula $$\mathrm{C_4H_{10}}$$, how many constitutional isomers are possible, and what are their IUPAC names?

Accepted Answer

Two isomers: butane and 2-methylpropane

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3$)CH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

3-Methylpentane

Question 4

A hydrocarbon reacts with bromine ($$\mathrm{Br_2$}) in $$the dark and no reaction is observed. However, when exposed to UV light, the solution becomes colorless. What type of hydrocarbon is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

An alkane

Question 5

Which of the following best describes Markovnikov’s Rule as it applies to the addition of $$\mathrm{HBr} to $$propene ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH=CH_2$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

The hydrogen atom adds to the carbon with more hydrogen atoms already attached, and the bromine adds to the carbon with fewer hydrogens.

Question 6

Which of the following compounds is an example of an arene?

Accepted Answer

Benzene ($$\mathrm{C_6H_6})$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the physical properties of hydrocarbons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Branched alkanes generally have lower boiling points than their straight-chain isomers.

Question 8

What is the product of the complete hydrogenation of 1-butyne ($$\mathrm{CH \equiv CCH_2CH_3}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Butane ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3})$$

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for 2,3-dimethylbutane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{14}}$$

Question 10

A student is asked to draw all possible constitutional isomers for $$\mathrm{C_5H_{12}}. $$How many are there, and what are their names?

Accepted Answer

Three: pentane, 2-methylbutane, and 2,2-dimethylpropane

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the product(s) of the halogenation of methane ($$\mathrm{CH_4$}) $$with chlorine ($$\mathrm{Cl_2$}) $$under UV light?

Accepted Answer

Chloromethane ($$\mathrm{CH_3Cl}) $$and hydrogen chloride ($$\mathrm{HCl})$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_2$=CHCH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

1-Butene

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the reaction of alkenes with water (hydration) is correct?

Accepted Answer

The reaction requires an acid catalyst and follows Markovnikov’s Rule.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct structural formula for 2-methylpropane?

Accepted Answer

A central carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups and one hydrogen ($$\mathrm{(CH_3$)_3CH})$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why alkenes are more reactive than alkanes?

Accepted Answer

Alkenes have a double bond, which is more reactive due to the presence of a pi bond that is easily broken in chemical reactions.

Question 16

A hydrocarbon with the formula $$\mathrm{C_7H_8} is $$most likely which type of compound?

Accepted Answer

An aromatic hydrocarbon (arene)

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2C \equiv $$CCH_3$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

2-Pentyne

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the effect of chain length and branching on the boiling point of alkanes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Increasing chain length increases boiling point, while increased branching decreases boiling point.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct product when 2-butene ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH=$$CHCH_3$$}) $$undergoes hydration in the presence of an acid catalyst?

Accepted Answer

2-Butanol ($$\mathrm{CH_3CH(OH)CH_2CH_3})$$

Study Guide: Hydrocarbons, Nomenclature, and Reactions (CHEM 132, Chapter 12)

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