Question 1

Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory as proposed by Schleiden and Schwann in 1838?

Accepted Answer

All cells contain hereditary information.

Question 2

Which structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Question 3

A scientist discovers a new organism that thrives in highly acidic environments (pH 2.0 or below). To which group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Acidophiles

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of chemical energy from fuel molecules to ATP

Question 5

A protein destined for secretion from an animal cell follows which correct pathway?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome (bound to ER) → Endoplasmic Reticulum → Golgi Apparatus → Plasma Membrane

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a true nucleus

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, storing, and packaging proteins in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Golgi Apparatus

Question 8

A plant cell is observed to have a large, membrane-bound structure that stores water, waste products, and helps maintain cell shape. What is this structure called?

Accepted Answer

Central vacuole

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why prokaryotic cells can survive in extreme environments such as high temperature or high salinity?

Accepted Answer

They possess specialized adaptations such as unique membrane lipids and proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of material taken in by phagocytosis

Question 11

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 12

A bacterium is observed to have a thick, protective outer layer that helps it evade the immune system. What is this structure called?

Accepted Answer

Capsule

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in all cells?

Accepted Answer

It provides selective permeability, allowing certain substances to enter or leave the cell.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

They are responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 15

A scientist is studying a cell that contains DNA, ribosomes, a plasma membrane, and a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cell

Question 16

Which of the following organelles is directly involved in the detoxification of drugs and synthesis of lipids?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain enzymes that remove hydrogen atoms from molecules and produce hydrogen peroxide.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Disposal of metabolic by-products that would endanger the cell if accumulated in the cytosol

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of the importance of selective permeability in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A nerve cell allowing sodium ions to enter during an action potential while keeping other ions out

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cyanobacteria are important in the context of prokaryotic cell diversity?

Accepted Answer

They possess photosynthetic membranes, allowing them to perform photosynthesis.

A Tour of the Cell: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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