Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of beta oxidation?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of fatty acids into two-carbon units that enter the TCA cycle as acetyl-CoA.

Question 2

During cellular respiration, what happens to NAD+?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced to NADH as it accepts electrons.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about ATP production in glycolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.

Question 4

What is the primary role of O$$_2 in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 5

Which metabolic process produces the most ATP per starting glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Where does the TCA (Krebs) cycle occur in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

In the mitochondrial matrix

Question 7

Which of the following processes requires a proton gradient to function?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation

Question 8

What is the fate of lactate produced during anaerobic respiration in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

It is transported to the liver, where it can be converted back to glucose.

Question 9

Which molecule has the highest initial energy when entering the electron transport chain during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to power the Calvin cycle.

Question 11

If a plant appears orange, which pigment is most likely being absorbed?

Accepted Answer

Blue and green wavelengths

Question 12

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions that is used by the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 13

What is the immediate source of energy that powers ATP synthase in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The flow of protons (H$$^+) $$down their electrochemical gradient

Question 14

Which process in photosynthesis is directly driven by light energy?

Accepted Answer

Excitation of electrons in chlorophyll during the light reactions

Question 15

Which of the following best describes what happens during photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2 is $$combined with RuBP instead of CO$$_2$$, reducing photosynthetic efficiency.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the relationship between wavelength and energy of a photon is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy is inversely proportional to wavelength: $$E = \frac{hc}{\lambda}$$

Question 17

Which metabolic process does NOT require O$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 18

Which of the following organisms are capable of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 19

How many carbons from each pyruvate molecule enter the TCA cycle?

Accepted Answer

Two carbons, as acetyl-CoA

Question 20

Where is the electron transport chain located in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

BIO101 Exam 3 Review: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

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