Question 1

Which of the following is a primary reason why cells must divide?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic material

Question 2

Which of the following events occurs during the S phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

DNA is replicated, resulting in two sister chromatids per chromosome

Question 3

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell division?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes, while prokaryotic cells have a single circular chromosome

Question 4

During which stage of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 5

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that the cell is large enough and has sufficient nutrients to divide?

Accepted Answer

G1 checkpoint

Question 6

What is the role of the protein p53 in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

It activates genes that lead to cell suicide (apoptosis) if DNA is damaged

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of mitosis-promoting factor (MPF)?

Accepted Answer

MPF is a dimer consisting of a cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase that triggers the start of M phase by phosphorylating target proteins

Question 8

A mutation in a proto-oncogene results in an oncogene. What is the likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell will divide uncontrollably, potentially leading to cancer

Question 9

If a human skin cell (normally 46 chromosomes) fails to separate sister chromatids during mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

One cell will have 47 and the other will have 45

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division in multicellular eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 11

Which molecular event leads to the deactivation of MPF at the end of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Cyclin is degraded by an enzyme complex activated during mitosis

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why eukaryotic chromosomes must condense before mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Condensation allows chromosomes to be easily separated and distributed to daughter cells

Question 13

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and preparation for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase

Question 14

What would happen if the G2 checkpoint failed and the cell entered mitosis with damaged DNA?

Accepted Answer

The cell would likely produce daughter cells with genetic mutations

Question 15

Which of the following is true about binary fission in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

It results in two genetically identical daughter cells

Question 16

Which checkpoint ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before anaphase begins?

Accepted Answer

M (metaphase) checkpoint

Question 17

Which of the following statements about cyclins is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cyclin binds to Cdk to form an active complex that regulates cell cycle progression

Question 18

A mutation in a tumor suppressor gene would most likely result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Increased cell division due to loss of cell cycle 'brakes'

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of chromosomes ($$n) $$and the number of chromatids ($$c) in a $$human cell during metaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

$$c = 2n$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the default action of cell-cycle checkpoints?

Accepted Answer

To halt the cell cycle unless a go-ahead signal is received

Cell Cycle and Mitosis: Study Guide for General Biology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard