Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Metastasis

Question 2

Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be present in a human gamete?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 3

In the karyotype of Drosophila melanogaster, males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. How many autosomes are present in each somatic cell of a male fruit fly?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 5

If a cell starts with $$2n = 6$$ chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 6

Which structure is responsible for separating sister chromatids during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitotic spindle

Question 7

A researcher uses a fluorescent dye to measure DNA content in cells. Which phase of the cell cycle would show the highest DNA content per cell?

Accepted Answer

G$$_2$$ phase

Question 8

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before proceeding to anaphase?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint

Question 9

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates cell division by binding to receptors on the cell surface. What type of signaling is this?

Accepted Answer

Paracrine signaling

Question 10

A cancer cell line is observed to continue dividing even when crowded, unlike normal cells. Which property does this demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

Loss of cell cycle control

Question 11

If a cell in G$$_1$$ phase is induced to enter S phase prematurely, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cell may replicate damaged DNA

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cyclins activate kinases that regulate cell cycle progression

Question 13

A cell is observed to have condensed chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell. Which stage of mitosis is this?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 14

Which of the following is a difference between plant and animal cell cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate; animal cells form a cleavage furrow

Question 15

If a cell has $$n$$ chromosomes before S phase, how many chromatids will it have after S phase?

Accepted Answer

$$2n$$

Question 16

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

Question 17

A scientist adds PDGF to a culture of fibroblasts and observes increased cell division. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

PDGF acts as a growth factor stimulating cell cycle progression

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the centromere?

Accepted Answer

It is the region where spindle fibers attach during mitosis

Question 19

In a cell cycle experiment, cells are treated with a drug that blocks the G$$_2$$ checkpoint. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Cells will enter mitosis with damaged or unreplicated DNA

Question 20

A histogram of cell fluorescence shows two peaks: one at low fluorescence and one at double that value. What do these peaks represent?

Accepted Answer

Cells in G$$_1$$ and G$$_2/M $$phases, respectively

Cell Division and Cell Cycle Control: Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard