Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for a chemical reaction?

$$\Delta G = G_{\text{products}} - G_{\text{reactants}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of membrane carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in cell-cell recognition by binding to glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst because water will move into the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses transport proteins to move polar molecules and ions down their concentration gradient.

Question 4

A cell uses a proton pump to move hydrogen ions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space. Which type of transport is this, and what is the energy source?

Accepted Answer

Active transport; energy from ATP hydrolysis

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why exergonic reactions are important for cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They release free energy that can be used to do cellular work.

Question 6

A cell engulfs a large particle by wrapping its plasma membrane around it and forming a vesicle. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = G_{	ext{products}} - G_{	ext{reactants}}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy input, while facilitated diffusion does not.

Question 9

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell. Which term best describes the solution relative to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of channel proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They provide corridors that allow specific molecules or ions to cross the membrane.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an anabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis building glucose from carbon dioxide and water

Question 12

Which statement about the first law of thermodynamics is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be transferred and transformed, but not created or destroyed.

Question 13

A cell needs to import a large quantity of cholesterol, which is present in low concentrations outside the cell. Which process is most likely used?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why open systems, such as living cells, are always in disequilibrium?

Accepted Answer

They constantly exchange energy and matter with their surroundings.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the movement of hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They can pass through the membrane rapidly without assistance.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of a cotransport (coupled transport) system in a cell?

Accepted Answer

It uses the momentum from one molecule moving down its concentration gradient to drive another molecule against its gradient.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a major function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of phospholipids

Question 19

A cell is actively transporting sodium ions out and potassium ions in, both against their concentration gradients. Which process is being used?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways release energy by breaking down molecules, while anabolic pathways consume energy to build molecules.

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Metabolism: Study Notes for General Biology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard